Two-Stage Co-Optimization for Utility-Social Systems With Social-Aware P2P Trading

Effective utility system management is fundamental and critical for ensuring the normal activities, operations, services in cities urban areas. In that regard, advanced information communication technologies underpinning smart enable close linkages coordination of different subutility systems, which now attracting research attention. To increase operational efficiency, we propose a two-stage optimal co-management model an integrated comprised water, power, gas, heating namely, water-energy hubs (IWEHs). The proposed IWEH facilitates between multienergy water sectors via energy conversion can enhance efficiency system. particular, incorporate social-aware peer-to-peer (P2P) resource trading optimization model, operators trade with other interconnected IWEHs. cope renewable generation load uncertainties mitigate their negative impacts, distributionally robust (DRO) developed to capture uncertainties, using semidefinite programming reformulation. demonstrate our model’s effectiveness practical values, design representative case studies simulate four communities. results show DRO more effective than (RO) stochastic (SO) avoiding excessive conservativeness rendering utilities, without requiring enormous data samples. This work reveals desirable methodological approach optimize water–energy–social nexus increased economic system-usage entire (integrated) Furthermore, incorporates social participations by citizens engage operation